Bari

Bari is a city located in the Puglia region, in southeastern Italy, facing the Adriatic Sea. It is the capital of the province of Bari and the region itself.

It is a vibrant port city located on the Adriatic coast of southern Italy. With a history spanning millennia, Bari combines the charm of its historic center, known as Bari Vecchia, with the modernity of its infrastructure and the vibrancy of its urban life.

What to see in Bari

• Basilica of San Nicola
• Nicolaian Museum
• Norman-Swabian Castle
• Cathedral of San Sabino
• Bari Vecchia
• Lungomare Nazario Sauro
• Teatro Petruzzelli
• Teatro Margherita
• Pinacoteca Metropolitana di Bari
• Fish Market
• Palazzo Simi
• Pane e Pomodoro Beach

Basilica of San Nicola

Historical and Religious Importance

The Basilica of San Nicola is one of the most significant places in Bari, both historically and religiously. Built between 1087 and 1197, the basilica is a masterpiece of Apulian Romanesque architecture. It is especially famous for housing the relics of Saint Nicholas, a saint highly venerated in both the West and the East.

Saint Nicholas, also known as Santa Claus, is the patron saint of Bari, and his figure gave rise to the legend of Santa Claus.

The relics of Saint Nicholas were brought to Bari from Myra (in present-day Turkey) in 1087 by a group of Bari sailors. This event made the city an important center of Christian pilgrimage, attracting devotees from all over the world.

Architecture

The basilica features a simple yet imposing facade, with an interior comprising three naves and a carved wooden ceiling. Inside, one can admire numerous works of art, including the marble ciborium, the episcopal throne, and the crypt housing the saint's relics.

Visiting the Basilica

The Basilica of San Nicola is open to visitors and pilgrims year-round. Entrance is free, although donations for the church's maintenance are appreciated. Visitors can participate in regular liturgical celebrations, including daily mass and special services during festivities dedicated to Saint Nicholas.

Opening hours:

• Weekdays: 7:00 AM - 8:30 PM
• Holidays: 7:00 AM – 10:00 PM

Special Events

Two major festivities related to Saint Nicholas are December 6, the feast day of Saint Nicholas, and May 9, the day of the translation of the relics. During these celebrations, Bari comes alive with processions, religious events, and cultural manifestations that attract thousands of devotees and tourists.

Nicolaian Museum

The Nicolaian Museum, located next to the basilica, offers an in-depth look at the history and cult of Saint Nicholas. The museum holds a rich collection of liturgical objects, relics, icons, and manuscripts that testify to the devotion to the saint over the centuries. The exhibition is organized into various thematic sections that illustrate the history of the relics' transfer, the worldwide cult of Saint Nicholas, and sacred art related to the saint's figure.

Exhibitions and Activities

The Nicolaian Museum organizes temporary exhibitions, conferences, and educational activities to deepen the understanding of Saint Nicholas's figure and the historical and cultural context in which he is placed. It is an ideal place for visitors who wish to better understand the historical and spiritual importance of Bari's patron saint.

Museum Hours and Tickets

The Nicolaian Museum is generally open from Tuesday to Sunday, with hours varying depending on the season and holidays. It is advisable to check the updated opening hours on the official website or contact the museum directly.

• Indicative hours: 9:00 AM - 1:00 PM and 4:00 PM - 8:00 PM
• Tickets: The ticket cost is usually modest, with discounts for groups, students, and seniors. Guided tours in various languages are often available.

Norman-Swabian Castle of Bari

The castle was built by the Normans in the 12th century and later expanded by Frederick II of Swabia in the 13th century. This makes the castle an important example of medieval architecture in southern Italy. Exploring the castle allows one to understand the complex history of Bari and the various dominations that have influenced the city.

Architecture

The building is a magnificent example of medieval military architecture. Its mighty walls, bastions, and towers offer a glimpse into the defensive techniques of the era. Inside, the castle features frescoed rooms and exhibition spaces that illustrate its history and function over the centuries.

Exhibitions and Museums

The castle hosts temporary and permanent exhibitions that cover various aspects of local history, art, and culture. The exhibitions include archaeological finds, art collections, and historical documents that provide an in-depth look at life in medieval and Renaissance Puglia.

Panoramic View

The elevated position of the castle offers panoramic views of the city and the sea, making the visit even more suggestive. It is an excellent spot for taking photographs and enjoying a unique perspective of Bari.

Opening Hours

The opening hours of the Norman-Swabian Castle may vary depending on the season and special events. However, typical hours are as follows:

• Tuesday to Sunday: 9:00 AM - 7:00 PM
• Monday: closed

It is advisable to check updated hours before visiting, especially during holidays or special events.

Ticket Costs

The ticket costs for the Norman-Swabian Castle can vary. Typically, prices are as follows:

• Full ticket: approximately 6-8 euros
• Reduced ticket: approximately 3-4 euros (for students, seniors, groups)
• Free admission: for children under a certain age, people with disabilities and their companions, and on special days like the first Sunday of the month.

Guided tours are also available, which may have an additional cost but offer a more in-depth and informative experience.

The Cathedral of San Sabino

The Cathedral of San Sabino is an important Romanesque church dating back to the 12th century. Dedicated to San Sabino, the bishop of Canosa, the cathedral holds significant historical and religious importance for the city and the region. Visiting the cathedral allows you to immerse yourself in the spirituality and religious history of Bari.

Romanesque Architecture

The building is an excellent example of Apulian Romanesque architecture. The sober yet elegant facade, the spacious interiors, and the white stone structure are testimonies to the architectural skill of the time. The interior of the cathedral presents a tranquil and evocative environment, with a richly decorated high altar and a beautiful ciborium.

Crypt and Relics

The crypt of the cathedral is one of its highlights. Here, the relics of San Sabino and other important sacred relics are preserved. The crypt is decorated with frescoes and sculptures, offering a suggestive and spiritual atmosphere.

Archaeological Excavations

Under the cathedral, archaeological excavations have revealed remains of earlier buildings, dating back to the Paleochristian and Roman eras. This offers a unique opportunity to see overlapping layers of history and to better understand the evolution of the city.

Opening Hours

The opening hours of the Cathedral of San Sabino may vary, but generally are as follows:

• Monday to Saturday: 8:30 AM - 7:00 PM
• Sunday and holidays: 8:30 AM - 1:00 PM and 4:00 PM - 7:00 PM

It is advisable to check the updated hours before visiting, especially during religious holidays or special events.

Ticket Costs

Entrance to the Cathedral of San Sabino is generally free. However, there may be costs associated with guided tours or access to particular archaeological sections under the cathedral.

Bari Vecchia

Bari Vecchia is characterized by a labyrinth of narrow alleys and picturesque squares. Walking through these streets, you can admire the well-preserved medieval architecture and breathe in an atmosphere from another time.

The historic center is rich in historic buildings, including palaces, churches, and traditional houses. Every corner offers evocative glimpses and interesting architectural details.

Local Life

Bari Vecchia is the beating heart of local life. Here you can observe the inhabitants engaged in their daily activities, such as preparing handmade orecchiette in the alleys.

Traditions and Folklore

The area is rich in traditions and folklore. During the holidays, Bari Vecchia comes alive with religious processions, cultural events, and popular manifestations that offer an authentic taste of the local culture.

Archaeological Excavations

Bari Vecchia houses important archaeological evidence, visible in various parts of the city, such as under the Cathedral of San Sabino, where Roman and Paleochristian remains have been uncovered.

Local Cuisine

Bari Vecchia is famous for its excellent cuisine. You can taste typical dishes such as orecchiette with turnip tops, Bari focaccia, panzerotto, and fresh seafood in one of the many traditional restaurants and trattorias.

The Lungomare Nazario Sauro of Bari

The Lungomare Nazario Sauro offers spectacular views of the Adriatic Sea, with the horizon stretching infinitely. It is the ideal place to enjoy the sunrise or sunset, with colors reflecting on the sea creating breathtaking scenarios.

Elegance of the Buildings

Along the Lungomare Nazario Sauro, you can admire elegant buildings in Liberty and Rationalist styles, dating back to the 1920s and 1930s. These buildings add a touch of refinement to the walk, making it an architecturally interesting experience as well.

Gardens and Parks

The promenade is lined with numerous green areas, well-kept gardens, and public spaces where you can relax. These spaces offer a perfect spot for a peaceful walk, a picnic, or simply sitting and enjoying the view.

Outdoor Activities: Sports and Leisure

The Lungomare Nazario Sauro is a popular place for outdoor activities such as jogging, cycling, skating, and walking. The well-maintained bike path and pedestrian routes make it easy and pleasant to move along the coast.

Events and Manifestations

The promenade is often the venue for cultural events, concerts, markets, and public manifestations. Throughout the year, you may find fairs, music festivals, and other activities that animate the area and provide entertainment for residents and visitors.

Gastronomy: Restaurants and Bars

Along the promenade, there are numerous restaurants, cafes, and bars where you can enjoy local cuisine. Many of these places offer terraces with sea views, making the dining experience even more enjoyable.

Monuments and Points of Interest: Lighthouse and Monuments

Among the points of interest along the promenade is the San Cataldo Lighthouse, a symbol of the city, and several monuments dedicated to historical events and important figures. These places offer insights and reflections on local history.

Accessibility

The Lungomare Nazario Sauro is easily accessible from the city center and well-connected by public transport. Its location makes it a convenient destination for a relaxing walk after exploring other attractions in Bari.

Atmosphere: Relaxation and Serenity

The promenade offers a relaxed and tranquil atmosphere, perfect for escaping the hustle and bustle of the city. The sound of the waves and the sea breeze create a serene environment where you can recharge your energy.

Teatro Petruzzelli di Bari

The Teatro Petruzzelli is one of the largest and most prestigious theaters in Italy and the fourth largest by size. Located in the heart of Bari, it represents a symbol of cultural and architectural excellence in the city.

The theater was inaugurated in 1903 and has since become a reference point for the cultural and artistic life of Bari and Puglia.

Architecture and Design

The theater is a masterpiece of architecture, designed by engineers Angelo and Onofrio Petruzzelli. The neoclassical facade is elegant and imposing, with a decorated pediment and Corinthian columns.

The interior of the theater is equally magnificent, with sumptuous decorations, a large central chandelier, and extraordinary acoustics.

Programming and Performances

The Teatro Petruzzelli hosts a wide range of cultural events, including:

• Opera: The theater is famous for its opera productions, attracting internationally renowned artists and offering high-level performances.
• Concerts: It hosts classical, jazz, and contemporary music concerts, featuring world-famous orchestras and soloists.
• Ballet: International dance companies regularly perform at Petruzzelli, offering classical and modern ballet shows.
• Theater: The programming also includes theatrical performances, from comedies to tragedies, with renowned actors.

The showtimes vary depending on the program. Tickets can be purchased online, at the theater box office, or through authorized retailers. Ticket prices vary based on the performance and seating location.

Guided Tours

Visiting the Teatro Petruzzelli is both a cultural experience and a journey through time. The beauty and elegance of the theater allow you to immerse yourself in the atmosphere of grand performances of the past. Even if you do not attend a show, it is worth visiting the theater to admire its architecture and interior.

The Teatro Petruzzelli offers guided tours that allow you to explore the backstage, the stage, and the artists' areas. During the tour, you can learn about the theater's history, discover curiosities about its most famous productions, and see up close the architectural and decorative details that make it unique.

• Hours: Guided tours are usually available on weekdays and may vary. It is advisable to check the theater's official website for updated hours.
• Costs: The cost of guided tours is generally modest, with reduced rates for groups, students, and seniors.

Rebirth After the Fire

One of the most significant events in the recent history of the theater was the fire in 1991, which almost completely destroyed it.

After years of restoration work, the Teatro Petruzzelli reopened in 2009. The theater's rebirth is a symbol of resilience and passion for culture, making it even more significant for Bari's residents and visitors.

Teatro Margherita di Bari

The Teatro Margherita is another cultural gem of Bari, with a fascinating history and special significance for the city. Built between 1912 and 1914, the theater is located on the seafront, near the old port.

Unlike other traditional theaters, the Teatro Margherita was built on stilts, being located on the sea, a unique architectural detail that makes it particularly interesting.

The building is an excellent example of Art Nouveau style, with elegant decorative details and an innovative structure for the time. The interior of the theater retains the charm of the period, with a cozy main hall rich in decorations.

Recently restored, the theater combines historical beauty with modern needs, offering state-of-the-art exhibition spaces and a diverse and current programming.

Programming and Functions

The Teatro Margherita has a varied cultural program and, over the years, has hosted theatrical performances, concerts, art exhibitions, and cultural events. Currently, the theater has been transformed into a major cultural center, hosting temporary and permanent exhibitions of contemporary art, conferences, and other cultural activities.

The theater hosts a variety of cultural events, from contemporary art exhibitions to concerts and theatrical performances. It is a lively and dynamic place that always offers something interesting to see or do.

Strategic Location

Located on the seafront, the Teatro Margherita offers a spectacular view of the sea and the old port. The location makes it easily accessible and ideal for a visit combined with a walk along the seafront or in the historic center.

Exhibitions and Events: Hours and Costs

The opening hours of the Teatro Margherita vary depending on the exhibitions and events scheduled. It is advisable to check the official website or contact the theater for updated information on hours and ticket costs.

• Indicative hours: Generally, the theater is open from 10:00 AM to 8:00 PM, but hours may vary depending on events.
• Costs: Ticket prices for exhibitions and events vary depending on the exhibition or show in progress. Reduced rates are often available for students, groups, and seniors.

Pinacoteca Metropolitana di Bari

The Pinacoteca Metropolitana "Corrado Giaquinto" in Bari is one of the main art museums in Puglia and an important cultural institution in the city. Named after the famous 18th-century Apulian painter Corrado Giaquinto, the pinacoteca is located in the Palazzo della Provincia on the Lungomare Nazario Sauro.

Due to its location, the pinacoteca is easily accessible and can be conveniently included in an itinerary that includes other attractions in the center of Bari, such as the Norman-Swabian Castle and the Teatro Petruzzelli.

Collections and Works

The Pinacoteca houses a vast collection of artworks ranging from the Middle Ages to the 20th century. The collections include:

• Medieval and Renaissance Painting: The pinacoteca preserves significant works from the medieval period, including panel paintings and frescoes from Apulian churches and convents. These works testify to the evolution of sacred art in southern Italy during the Middle Ages. There are also works by important Italian Renaissance masters, with a particular focus on artists who worked in Puglia. The works reflect the influence of major Italian artistic centers, such as Florence and Venice, on local production.
• Baroque and Rococo: The pinacoteca boasts a rich collection of Baroque works, with paintings by artists such as Luca Giordano and Francesco Solimena. These works show the energy and dynamism typical of the Baroque, with religious and mythological scenes of great visual impact. The section dedicated to Rococo includes works by Corrado Giaquinto, one of the most important Apulian painters of the 18th century, after whom the pinacoteca is named. His works are characterized by vivid colors, elegant compositions, and religious and allegorical themes.
• Modern and Contemporary Art: The pinacoteca exhibits a series of paintings by 19th-century Apulian artists, depicting scenes of daily life, portraits, and landscapes. These works offer a glimpse into the society and culture of 19th-century Puglia. The collection also includes works by 19th-century Italian artists, reflecting the artistic trends of the time, such as Romanticism and Realism. Among these artists is Giuseppe De Nittis, known for his landscapes and Parisian life scenes.
• Sculpture and Decorative Arts: The sculpture section of the pinacoteca features works in marble, bronze, and terracotta, ranging from the Middle Ages to the 19th century. Among the exhibited works are busts, statues, and reliefs depicting religious, mythological, and historical figures. The pinacoteca also hosts a collection of decorative arts, including ceramics, textiles, furniture, and applied art objects. These artifacts enrich the exhibition path, offering a comprehensive view of the artistic and artisanal evolution in the region.

Temporary Exhibitions

In addition to the permanent collections, the pinacoteca organizes temporary exhibitions that offer further points of interest and enrich the museum's cultural offer.

Why Visit the Pinacoteca Metropolitana di Bari?

Visiting the Pinacoteca Metropolitana di Bari offers the opportunity to immerse oneself in the art and culture of the region through an exhibition path that illustrates the rich artistic history of Puglia and Italy. The works are displayed in well-maintained environments, organized chronologically and thematically, allowing for a clear and engaging experience.

The pinacoteca hosts one of the most important art collections in the region, with works covering a wide time span and representing various artistic styles and movements.

The museum offers an in-depth overview of Apulian artists, allowing visitors to better understand the local artistic production and its contribution to Italy's cultural heritage.

Opening Hours

The opening hours may vary depending on the seasons and holidays, but generally, the pinacoteca is open at the following times:

• Tuesday to Saturday: 9:00 AM - 7:00 PM
• Sunday: 9:00 AM - 1:00 PM
• Monday: Closed

Ticket Costs

The cost of tickets to visit the Pinacoteca Metropolitana di Bari is generally modest, with reduced rates for groups, students, and seniors. Usually, the prices are as follows:

• Full ticket: around 5 euros
• Reduced ticket: around 3 euros

Admission may be free on special days or for certain categories of visitors, such as children under a certain age, people with disabilities, and their companions.

Fish Market of Bari

The Fish Market of Bari, located along the San Nicola pier, is a lively and fascinating place that offers an authentic experience of local life. Due to its location, the fish market offers a spectacular view of the sea and the port. It is a perfect place for a relaxing stroll after shopping, enjoying the maritime atmosphere and the picturesque views.

The fish market is a gathering point for local fishermen, who sell the day's fresh catch directly from their boats.

Visiting the fish market provides the opportunity to interact directly with the fishermen, who are happy to share sea stories and cooking tips for the fish. This interaction enriches the experience, making it not only culinary but also cultural.

The liveliness of the vendors, the energy of the bargaining, and the smell of the sea create a unique and genuine atmosphere that allows you to immerse yourself in the daily life of Bari.

On-Site Consumption

One of the most characteristic experiences of the Bari fish market is the possibility to consume fresh fish directly on-site. Sea urchins, for example, are often opened and eaten raw, accompanied by a slice of bread and a glass of white wine. It is a unique opportunity to savor the authentic taste of the sea.

The market offers an extraordinary variety of fresh fish and seafood, including:

• Mussels: The mussels of Bari are particularly appreciated for their quality.
• Octopuses: A fundamental ingredient of Apulian cuisine, often sold still alive.
• Shrimps: Fresh and tasty, ideal for various preparations.
• Sea Urchins: Very popular among locals, often consumed raw on-site.

Opening Hours

The fish market is generally open early in the morning, as fishermen sell the fresh catch immediately after returning from their fishing trips. Typical hours are:

• Monday to Saturday: 6:00 AM - 1:00 PM
• Sunday: Closed (check for possible seasonal variations)

Tips for Visiting

• Go Early: To find the widest selection of fresh fish, it is advisable to arrive early in the morning.
• Cash: Most vendors only accept cash, so be prepared.
• Taste the Sea Urchins: If you enjoy raw fish, don't miss the opportunity to taste sea urchins directly at the market.

Palazzo Simi

Palazzo Simi is a historic building located in the heart of Bari's old town. Built in the 16th century, the palace is one of the most significant examples of Renaissance architecture in the city. It was erected over the ruins of a Roman domus and a Byzantine church, integrating architectural elements from different historical periods.

Why Visit Palazzo Simi?

• Archaeology Center: Palazzo Simi houses the Operational Center for Archaeology of Bari, which manages archaeological activities in the region. Inside, visitors can explore a permanent exhibition that gathers archaeological finds from the Bari area, offering a glimpse into the city's millennial history.
• Archaeological Excavations: In the basement of the palace, visitors can see archaeological excavations that have uncovered ancient structures, including a Roman domus and a Paleochristian church. These finds are particularly interesting for understanding the urban evolution of Bari and the historical significance of the site.
• Temporary Exhibitions: In addition to the permanent exhibition, Palazzo Simi hosts temporary exhibitions and cultural events ranging from archaeology to contemporary art. These exhibitions provide additional points of interest for visitors, making the palace a dynamic and ever-interesting place.
• Renaissance Architecture: The palace itself is an architectural work of art. Built in the 16th century, it features typical elements of Renaissance architecture, such as finely worked stone portals and elegant decorations. Walking through its halls allows you to appreciate the elegance and refinement of the period.
• Strategic Location: Located in the heart of Bari Vecchia, Palazzo Simi is easily accessible and can be included in an itinerary that comprises other historical and cultural attractions of the city, such as the Basilica of San Nicola, the Cathedral of San Sabino, and the Norman-Swabian Castle.

Opening Hours

The opening hours of Palazzo Simi may vary depending on exhibitions and activities. Generally, the palace is open at the following times:

• Monday to Friday: 9:00 AM - 1:00 PM and 4:00 PM - 7:00 PM
• Saturday: 9:00 AM - 1:00 PM
• Sunday and Holidays: Closed

It is always advisable to check the updated hours on the official website or by contacting the palace directly.

Ticket Costs

Entrance to Palazzo Simi is generally free for the permanent exhibition. However, there may be entrance fees for temporary exhibitions or special events. Again, it is advisable to check the updated costs before visiting.

Pane e Pomodoro Beach

Pane e Pomodoro Beach is one of the most well-known and frequented beaches in Bari, located a few kilometers from the city center. Its curious name comes from an old local tradition: it is said that the people of Bari, during their days at the beach, would bring bread and tomatoes as a snack, a simple and tasty dish that has become indelibly linked to this location.

Why It Is Known and Frequented

• Proximity to the City Center: The beach is very close to the center of Bari, making it easily accessible for both residents and tourists. This proximity allows for easy access on foot, by bike, by bus, or by car.
• Services and Infrastructure: The beach is well-equipped with various services, including showers, public toilets, kiosks, bars, and children's play areas. These services make it particularly suitable for families and those seeking comfort during a day at the beach.
• Clean Water and Fine Sand: The quality of the water and sand is generally good. The beach is kept clean and well-maintained, offering a pleasant environment for swimming and relaxing. The fine, golden sand is ideal for sunbathing and playing.
• Accessibility and Safety: Pane e Pomodoro Beach is easily accessible even for people with disabilities, thanks to the presence of ramps and suitable paths. Additionally, during the summer season, the beach is monitored by lifeguards, ensuring the safety of bathers.
• Recreational Activities: Besides swimming and sunbathing, the beach offers the possibility to engage in various water sports and recreational activities, such as beach volleyball and paddleboarding. Events and sports competitions are often organized, adding life to the area.
• Family and Friendly Atmosphere: The beach is frequented by both families and groups of friends, creating a convivial and relaxed atmosphere. It is a popular meeting place for locals, where you can socialize and enjoy the day together.
• Panoramic View: Pane e Pomodoro Beach offers a splendid view of the Adriatic Sea and the Bari coastline. The view is particularly enchanting at sunset when the sky is tinged with warm colors and the sea reflects the hues of the setting sun.

What to Do in Bari

Gastronomic Tours in Bari

Gastronomic tours in Bari offer an unforgettable experience for those who love cuisine and want to immerse themselves in the authentic flavors of Puglia. These tours provide the opportunity to explore local markets, historic shops, and traditional restaurants, all accompanied by expert guides who will narrate the history and culinary traditions of the city.

During the tour, you can visit the vibrant Fish Market, where fishermen sell the day's fresh catch. Here, you'll have the chance to taste freshly caught seafood and experience the unique atmosphere of the market.

The tours often include stops to sample local street food, such as Bari focaccia, fried panzerotti, and polenta sgagliozzi. You can also watch local ladies handcrafting orecchiette on the streets of the old town, an experience that truly makes you feel part of the community.

Tastings of cheeses, cured meats, olives, and Pugliese extra virgin olive oil in historic shops are also included, and the visit concludes with traditional sweets like cartellate and almond pastries at a local pastry shop.

Sea and Beaches in Bari

Bari, with its beautiful coastline on the Adriatic Sea, offers numerous beaches where you can relax and enjoy the sun and sea.

The most famous and frequented beach is Pane e Pomodoro, located near the city center. This beach, with its fine sand and clear water, is well-equipped with facilities such as showers, bars, and children's play areas, making it ideal for families. Another popular choice is Torre Quetta, a pebble and sand beach that provides kiosks, sunbed and umbrella rentals, as well as areas for water sports.

If you prefer a quieter setting, Lido San Francesco is perfect with its shallow waters and beach facilities.

Activities you can enjoy include swimming and snorkeling in the clear waters, water sports such as paddleboarding and windsurfing, or simply relaxing in the sun. The panoramic view of the sea and the surrounding landscape makes these beaches a perfect spot to spend a relaxing day.

Shopping and Nightlife

Bari offers numerous opportunities for shopping and a vibrant nightlife. Via Sparano is the main shopping street, where you can find a wide range of fashion shops, luxury boutiques, and international brands.

Another important commercial street is Corso Cavour, featuring a variety of shops and cafes that invite you to take a break during your shopping.

The nightlife in Bari is equally exciting. The evening can start with an aperitif in one of the many bars and cafes in the historic center or along the waterfront. Afterwards, you can enjoy a meal at one of the city's typical restaurants, where you can savor dishes from the Puglian tradition.

After dinner, the city offers a wide range of nightclubs, pubs, and clubs where you can dance and listen to live music. Additionally, Bari frequently hosts cultural events such as concerts, theatrical performances, and festivals that animate the city, always offering something new and interesting to do.

Visiting Underground Bari

Underground Bari offers a fascinating exploration of the city's subsoil, revealing a history that spans millennia. This visit will allow you to discover remains from Roman, Byzantine, and medieval times hidden beneath the modern city.

During the tour, you can visit archaeological excavations that have brought to light ancient structures, such as a Roman domus and a Paleochristian church. The Crypt of the Cathedral of San Sabino, with its ancient frescoes, is another highlight of this underground experience.

The Archaeological Museum of Santa Scolastica is an ideal place to deepen your knowledge of Bari's history. Here, you can see archaeological finds discovered during excavations in the area of Old Bari.

Guided tours provide detailed explanations about the history and archaeological discoveries, making the experience educational and engaging. Exploring Underground Bari will give you a new perspective on the city, enhancing your appreciation for its rich history and cultural heritage.

Events and Festivals in Bari

Fiera del Levante

• Date: September
• Description: Fiera del Levante is one of the largest trade fairs in the Mediterranean, established in 1930. The event attracts exhibitors and visitors from around the world, offering a wide range of products and services, from industry to technology, from agriculture to craftsmanship. The fair also includes cultural events and performances.

Festa di San Nicola

• Date: December 6 (patron saint's feast) and May 7-9 (translation of the relics)
• Description: Festa di San Nicola is one of the most important events in Bari, dedicated to the city's patron saint. The celebrations include religious processions, fireworks displays, concerts, and markets. The sea procession, during which the statue of the saint is carried on a boat, is one of the most evocative moments.

Bari Jazz Festival

• Date: July
• Description: The Bari Jazz Festival is an event dedicated to jazz music, featuring national and international artists. The concerts take place at various locations throughout the city, offering high-quality performances for jazz enthusiasts.

Bif&st - Bari International Film Festival

• Date: Late April - Early May
• Description: The Bari International Film Festival is a significant cinematic event that celebrates Italian and international cinema. The festival includes film screenings, meetings with directors and actors, workshops, and conferences. It is an opportunity to discover new film productions and meet industry professionals.

What to See Around Bari

There are numerous excursions and organized tours you can do around Bari, staying within the beautiful region of Puglia. Here are some of the most popular:

• Alberobello and the Trulli

  Description: Alberobello is famous for its trulli, characteristic white stone buildings with conical roofs, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

  Activities: Many guided tours include a walking tour of the historic center, a visit to the Trullo Sovrano and the Territorial Museum, with tastings of local products.

• Monopoli

  Description: Monopoli is a coastal city with a charming historic center and a beautiful waterfront.

  Activities: Excursions can include a visit to the historic center, with its churches and squares, and free time to enjoy the beaches and seaside restaurants.

• Polignano a Mare

  Description: Polignano a Mare is a picturesque seaside village known for its spectacular cliffs and sea-facing historic center.

  Activities: Guided tours may include a stroll through the historic center, a boat excursion to explore the sea caves, and tastings of artisanal ice cream and other local products.

• Castel del Monte

  Description: Castel del Monte is a mysterious octagonal castle built by Emperor Frederick II, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

  Activities: Organized excursions often include transportation from Bari, a guided tour of the castle with explanations of its history and architecture, and free time to explore the surroundings.

• Castellana Caves

  Description: The Castellana Caves are a complex of karst caves, one of the most important cave systems in Italy.

  Activities: Guided tours of the caves include routes of varying duration and difficulty, during which you can admire stalactites, stalagmites, and spectacular rock formations.

• Itria Valley: Locorotondo, Cisternino, and Martina Franca

  Description: The Itria Valley is famous for its rural landscapes, trulli, and picturesque white villages.

  Activities: Excursions can include guided visits to Locorotondo, known for its white wine, Cisternino, famous for its butcheries that cook meat on-site, and Martina Franca, with its Baroque historic center.

• Ostuni, the White City

  Description: Ostuni is known as the "White City" for its lime-washed houses.

  Activities: Excursions include guided tours of the historic center, visits to the Ostuni Cathedral, and free time to explore local shops and restaurants.

• Trani

  Description: Trani is a coastal city with a beautiful Romanesque cathedral facing the sea and a picturesque marina.

  Activities: Organized visits can include a tour of the Cathedral of San Nicola Pellegrino, a stroll along the port, and a visit to the Swabian Castle.

History of Bari

The history of Bari is a tapestry of cultures and dominations that have left an indelible mark on its artistic, architectural, and cultural heritage. Today, Bari is a modern city that looks to the future without forgetting its deep historical roots.

Origins and Foundation

The history of Bari is very ancient, with origins dating back over 2,000 years. Founded by the Peucetii, an ancient Italic tribe, the city has been influenced by many different cultures over the centuries. Bari was an important commercial and military center during Roman times and became a strategic point during the Crusades, thanks to its natural harbor.

In 326 BC, Bari was conquered by the Romans and became a municipality. Under Roman rule, the city prospered thanks to the natural harbor, which facilitated maritime trade. The city was known as Barium and developed infrastructure such as roads, aqueducts, and a forum.

Middle Ages

After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Bari came under the control of the Byzantines. In 1071, Bari was conquered by the Normans under Robert Guiscard. The city became an important center of the Kingdom of Sicily and later the Kingdom of Naples. During Norman rule, the Basilica of San Nicola was built, becoming an important pilgrimage site. In the 12th century, the city came under the control of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, with Emperor Frederick II expanding the Norman-Swabian Castle.

Modern Era

After the death of Frederick II, Bari came under the control of the Angevins and later the Aragonese. The city continued to grow economically and culturally, benefiting from maritime trade.

During the Renaissance, Bari experienced a period of cultural and artistic development.

Contemporary Era

In 1806, Bari was occupied by Napoleon's troops. With the Bourbon restoration, the city continued to prosper. In 1861, Bari became part of the Kingdom of Italy. The city saw rapid industrial and urban development, expanding beyond the medieval walls and building new neighborhoods.

During the 20th century, Bari underwent bombings during World War II but quickly recovered in the post-war period. The city continued to grow, becoming an important economic, cultural, and university center in Southern Italy.

Conclusions

Bari, a city that fascinates with its rich history and vibrant present, offers a deep immersion into the cultural heritage of Southern Italy. With roots stretching back over 2,000 years, Bari has evolved from an important maritime port in Roman times to a dynamic modern urban center, never losing touch with its traditions.

The charm of Bari is palpable in its historic center, where the past coexists harmoniously with the present. The narrow medieval streets of Bari Vecchia weave between historic buildings like the majestic Basilica of San Nicola and the Norman-Swabian Castle, telling stories of dominations and cultural rebirths.

This historic area not only preserves architectural treasures but is also a vibrant place of daily life, where residents keep local culinary traditions alive by preparing dishes like orecchiette on the cobblestone streets.

Bari is not just about history, but also a cultural hub that expresses itself through events like the Fiera del Levante, Bari Jazz Festival, and Bif&st, which draw visitors from around the world and showcase the city's vibrant artistic and creative scene. Its universities and cultural institutions further contribute to the city's dynamism, making Bari a reference point for education and research in Southern Italy.

The natural beauties and beaches, such as Pane e Pomodoro, offer spaces for relaxation and fun a short distance from the urban center, allowing residents and visitors to enjoy the splendid Adriatic coast.

Finally, the tourist offer is enriched with excursions to the surrounding areas, where one can explore wonders like Alberobello with its trulli, the fascinating Castellana Caves, and the picturesque Polignano a Mare, enriching the experience of those who visit this region.